Wednesday, 24 August 2016
Saturday, 17 January 2015
The impact of Beliefs and Attitudes among Job Seekers’ Reactions in
Clicking on Ads and Applying for a Job via the Internet in Malaysia
Faizan Iza binti Zainuddin
Dr. Suriani binti Abdul Hamid
Dr. Jamal @ Nordin bin Yunus
Faculty of Management and Economics
Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Tanjong Malim, Malaysia
ABSTRACT
The nation’s
excellent economic growth in recent years has indirectly helped the development
of the advertising industry in Malaysia. In fact, the existence of the
advertising industry also gives numerous benefits to the people. One of the
functions of advertising is the channelling of career advertisements to
prospective job seekers. With the development of the internet, online career
advertising becomes one of the alternative methods that generate faster and
effective job opportunities compared to the conventional method. However, there
emerge issues of fraud and credibility pertaining to the organization that
offers jobs through online career advertising. This matter has somehow undermined
the confidence of job seekers who wish to apply for jobs through the internet.
In realizing this, advertisers have carried out various efforts to understand
the attitudes and beliefs of applicants towards information related to career
advertising that is posted on the internet. Consequently, the authors have
tried to understand the attitudes, beliefs and reactions of job seekers towards
online career advertising. This study uses literature review pertaining to the
relationship of attitudes towards online advertising and the belief factor by
adapting the Pollay and Mittal (1993) model and Wang and Sun (2010) and its
effects towards the intentions of consumer behaviour. By adapting this model,
the authors will try to comprehend further the relationship between the related
variables. The ensuing information is expected to benefit the advertisers and
the department of Human Resources to
ensure that the information in the career advertisement is trustworthy and capable of attracting
potential job seekers to apply for jobs, while saving time and costs of
advertising. These are efforts of an organization in facing a market rivalry
that’s increasingly stiff and competitive.
KEYWORD - Online
advertising, attitude towards online advertising, belief towards online
advertising, consumer reaction, recruitment website and internet media
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The
existence of advertising directly affords numerous benefits to society. One of
the functions of advertising is that of a pathway for career advertising for potential
individuals and those who are looking for jobs. Career advertising is the
initial communication between the job seeker and the organization and it is one
of the processes involved in recruitment. Recruitment is an activity undertaken
by an organization with the aim of identifying and attracting potential job
seekers (Breaugh & Starke, 2000). The recruitment process is very important
because of its implications towards the selection of new employees. The
Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) (2007) reported that 84
percent of organizations face difficulties during the recruitment process. This
reflects the situation of limited labour market available, which requires
organizations to choose appropriate methods or alternatives for obtaining the
necessary labour market. Hence, the problem can be reduced with the emergence
of the internet media.
2.0 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH
Findings
from this study are expected to provide additional knowledge to the researchers
on understanding the attitudes and beliefs of consumers towards online
advertising. However, this study focuses on attitudes and beliefs towards
online career advertising. This is because not much of this kind of study has
been carried out in Malaysia. The finding from this study will contribute to
the literature on human resources management and marketing and also give a true
picture of the job seeker’s attitude to the department of human resources in
relation to the effectiveness of third party advertising (e-recruitment). At
the same time, job seekers can obtain numerous benefits from the production of
quality career advertisements, such as facilitating their career searching
process by enhancing a more accurate matching career with the job seekers
education level. Besides that, online advertising is able to save time and
money of job seekers compared to using the traditional method. In fact, it
increases the confidence level of job seekers to continue using the internet
media as a career searching tool. Advertisers and organizations will always
ensure that the career advertisements displayed are trusted and capable of
attracting job seekers to apply for jobs. Finally, with the existence of the
internet’s function as a marketing tool, this study will produce a unique and effective
advertising media compared to the traditional method.
3.0 CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK OF THE RESEARCH
The
conceptual framework of the research that is built specifically for this study
aims to describe the role of several factors related to the belief, attitude
and reaction factors of job seekers towards online career advertisement. The
conceptual framework of this study is the combination of the hierarchy effect
theory and theory reason action. This conceptual framework is also built based
on previous studies that showed the relationship between beliefs, attitudes and
reaction factors towards advertisements in general and also belief factors,
attitudes and reaction factors towards online advertisement.
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Name of Institution:
____________________________________________________________________
Delivery Address:
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Postcode: ____________________ City : ____________________ Country:
_______________________
Contact Person: _______________________Tel (Office): _______________
(Mobile):________________
Email: ________________________ Occupation: __________________ Company Stamp:____________
PAYMENT METHOD : We hereby enclose payment of RM _______________ (USD _______________ ) to REE
ZA TRAVEL LINK SDN BHD, an Authorized
Marketing Agent of UHWAH Foundation :
Account Name : REE ZA TRAVEL LINK SDN BHD
Bank : AMBANK (M) BERHAD | Account No.
: 239202200678
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THE
ASEAN JOURNAL OF KNOWLEDGE CONTRIBUTION
Volume
1, Number 1; January 2015
Contents
Page
: 01-09
Factors
Contributing to Success to the Excellent Credit Cooperatives in Malaysia, Special Finding on Islamic Financing
Product
Mustapa Kamal, Nor Sa’adah Bt. Hj. Mustafa,
Prof. Dr. Abdul Jumaat B. Mahajar, Dr. Abdul Raheem B. Mohamad Yusof, Assoc.
Prof. Dr. Nek Kamal B. Nik Yeop Yunus
Page
: 10-18
Spatial
Visualization Ability Among Apparel Design Students at University Putra
Malaysia
Rosmawati Bt. Mamat,
Arasinah Bt. Kamis, Prof. Dr. Ramlee B. Mustapha
Page
: 19-28
The
Resilience Concept of Islamic Entrepreneur and the Promoting of Islamic
Financing Products to Credit Cooperative in Malaysia
Mustapa Kamal, Nor Sa’adah Bt. Hj. Mustafa, Prof. Dr. Azham B. Md Ali, Dr.
Ahmad Zahiruddin B. Yahya
Page
: 29-38
Analisis Model Pencapaian Matematik Berasaskan Transisi
Dengan Penerapan Orientasi Pembelajaran Matematik (OPM) : Pendekatan Pemodelan Kuasa Dua Terkecil
Separa
Nor Hashimah Bt. Abu Bakar,
Prof.
Madya Dr. Zulkifley B. Mohamed
Page
: 39-54
Modus Operandi
Penambahbaikan Instrumen EPSI dan Status
Penilaian Koperasi Kredit di Malaysia, Terciptanya Instrumen EPSI Versi 2013
Mustapa Kamal, Prof. Dr.
Sahandari Gani B. Hamzah
Page
: 55-60
The
Impact of Beliefs and Attitudes Among Job Seekers’ Reaction in Clicking on Ads
and Applying for a Job via the Internet in Malaysia
Faizan Iza Bt. Zainuddin, Dr.
Suriani Bt. Abdul Hamid, Dr. Jamal @
Nordin B. Yunus
MODUS OPERANDI
PENAMBAHBAIKAN INSTRUMEN EPSI DAN STATUS
PENILAIAN KOPERASI KREDIT DI MALAYSIA, TERCIPTANYA INSTRUMEN EPSI VERSI 2013.
Dr Dato’ Seri Hj. Mustapa Kamal B. Maulut
Pengerusi Koperasi Ukhwah Malaysia Berhad &
Ph.D Universiti Pendidikan Sultan IdrisSultan Idris ,
Malaysia
Prof. Dr. Mohd
Sahandri Gani Hamzah
Universiti Pendidikan Sultan IdrisSultan Idris , Malaysia
Abstrak:
Jumlah koperasi
berdaftar di Malaysia adalah melebihi 10,087 buah dengan jumlah keanggotaan
melebihi 7 juta orang dan mereka adalah layak untuk mendapat faedah pembiayaan
peribadi dari koperasi kredit. Tetapi koperasi kredit sentiasa menghadapi
berbagai-bagai rintangan dari polisi dalaman Suruhanjaya Koperasi Malaysia
mahupun halangan luaran. Tujuan kajian ini untuk menggariskan satu prosedur penambahbaikan instrumen EPSI
untuk mengukur status koperasi kredit di Malaysia. Penambahbaikan Instrumen Entrepreneurs
Perception of Success Inventory” (EPSI )yang
diperkenalkan oleh Paige (1999) dijalankan secara sistematik yang melibatkan
lima pakar membuat validasi dan item-item asal diperastukan tanpa pertindidhan elemen penilaian mengikut
atribut secara jitu.s dan indeks kesahan mencapai kriteria standard. Langkah
berikutnya dipiawaikan dengan keputusan analisis faktor yang menetapkan enam atribut yang mencatat
nilai kebolehpercayan Cronbach Alra antara 0.65 hingga 0.91. Hasil daripada
analisis faktor yang dijalankan ke atas 190 responden menunjukkan faktor yang
dihasilkan adalah sama dengan dimensi rekabentuk yang ditetapkan dan memenuhi
semua syarat yang dibincangkan oleh Hair et al (1998).
Kata kunci :
Koperasi kredit, instrument Entrepreneurs
Perception of Success Inventory (EPSI), kesahan kandungan, ujian faktor
analisis, ujian kebolehpercayaan dan ujian syarat regresi berganda.
1. Pengenalan
Berkoperasi membawa kesejahteraan
anggota ahli khususnya dan rakyat amnya. Amalan berkoperasi memberi manfaat kesejahteraan dua hala
adalah dituntut oleh Prinsip Koperasi Rochdale (Rochdale Principles, 1844) dan adalah
sesuai dengan kehendak material dan rohaniah manusia yang menepati
perintah Allah S.W.T dalam firmanNya surah Ali-Imran 112:
“Akan
ditimpa kehinaan manusia itu di mana sahaja mereka berada melainkan mereka
menghubungkan diri mereka dengan habluminaAllah dan habluminannas.”
Sara Vicari (2012) menyatakan hasil berkoperasi
mendatangkan berbagai-bagai kesejahteraan seperti pendidikan, makanan berkhasiat, kesihatan,
kerja yang baik, akses kepada tanah,
melibatkan keputusan dalam rumah tangga dan melibatkan keputusan
dalam masyarakat. Keterlibatan dalam koperasi akan mengembangkan keupayaan
pendidikan anggota menerusi
latihan-latihan yang dianjurkan. Dalam bidang pemakanan pula,koperasi membuka
jalan menjana kewangan dan pembekalan makanan berkhasiat kepada masyarakat.
6. Algorithme Penambahbaikan EPSI
6.1 Kesahan (validasi) Kandungan Instrumen Kajian
Instrumen EPSI yang melalui olahan dan pengubahsuaian strategik mengandungi 67 item semuanya seeeperti yang
ditunjukkan pada Jadual 1. Instrumen
asal dalam Bahasa Inggeris dibina oleh Yurkiewicz
(1996), Sun (2003), Valdez (2009). Namun begitu (2004) telah menterjemahkannya dalam Bahasa Malaysia dan Zahiruddin (2011) telah
membuat beberapa pindaan bagi menyesuaikan kegunaan mengikut pembiayaan secara
Islam dalam Bahasa Inggeris dan telah
diubah bahasa kepada Bahasa
Malaysia dan telah disemak oleh dua
orang pensyarah kanan bahasa Universiti Malaya.
Item-item dalam bahagian ini telah
diklasifikasikan kepada lima Dimensi iaitu Kejayaan,
Penetapan Matlamat, Personaliti, Pengetahuan, Motivasi dan Pembiayaan
Secra Islam. Set instrumen EPSI telah dikemukkan kepada kumpulan lima panel
pakar dari Suruhanjaya Koperasi Malaysia, Maktab Koperasi Malaysia dan
Angkatan Kebangsaan Koperasi Malaysia (ANGKASA) untuk semakan kesahan (validasi) kandungan item, proses semakan
tersebut dijalankan sebanyak tiga kali berulang kepada kesemua lima panel pakar
di atas. Susunan dimensi dan bilangan item yang dipersetujui adalah seperti yang dirumuskan pada Jadual 1:
Jadual 1:
Bilangan Item Mengikut Dimensi
|
No
|
Dimensi Bil.
|
Item
|
|
1.
|
Demografi
|
14
|
|
2.
|
Faktor
Kejayaan
|
4
|
|
3.
|
Penetapan
Matlamat
|
9
|
|
4.
|
Personaliti
|
8
|
|
5.
|
Pengetahuan
|
23
|
|
6.
|
Motivasi
|
5
|
|
7.
|
Pembiayaan
Secara Islam
|
4
|
|
|
Jumlah
|
67
|
6.1.a Demografi
Dimensi ini bertujuan untuk
mendapatkan maklumat mengenai latar
belakang responden. Terdapat 14 soalan yang dikemukakan (rujuk lampiran) yang
melibatkan soalan berkaitan kelulusan, umur, jawatan, jantina, bangsa, tempoh pendaftaran koperasi, bilangan
kakitangan koperasi, jenis produk kredit, modal pinjaman luar, perniagaan lain,
peratus keuntungan dan nilai keuntungan
bersih koperasi.
6.1.b Pengukuran Kejayaan
Mengikut model Paige (1999), Dimensi Faktor Kejayaan diadaptasi hasil
daripada penemuan Yurkiewicz
(1996), Sun (2003), Valdez (2009) dan Zahiruddin (2011) berkaitan
Kejayaan Industri Kecil Sederhana ( IKS) dalam Sektor Perkilangan di Malaysia, yang
telah dirujuk kepada ”Entrepreneurs’ Perception of Success Inventory” (EPSI)
oleh (Paige, 1999). Pada asal item instrumen ini mengandung 8
item tetapi telah digugurkan sebanyak 4 item oleh lima panel pakar daripada
Suruhanjaya Koperasi Malaysia, Maktab Koperasi Malaysia dan Angkatan Kebangsaan
Koperasi Malaysia (ANGKASA) seperti ditunjukkan pada Jadual 2.
Jadual
2: Ukuran Kejayaan Koperasi Kredit
|
Bil
|
Jenis-jenis
kejayaan yang diukur
|
|
B1
|
Peningkatan tahunan nilai bersih koperasi
|
|
B2
|
Saya mendapat kepuasan peribadi bekerja dalam bidang
ini
|
|
B3
|
Koperasi berjaya memberi faedah kepada anggota
|
|
B4
|
Koperasi berjaya memberi kebajikan kepada masyarakat
|
Pengguguran 4 item (Jadual 2) dengan justifikasi tidak sesuai dengan
Akta Koperasi Malaysia 1993, Oleh ituhanya tinggal 4 item dikekalkan berupaya untuk mengukur kejayaan koperasi kredit.
Bloom (1999) menyatakan item pemboleh ubah adalah antara tiga hingga lapan
dibolehkan.
6.1.c Penetapan Matlamat
Item-item
yang digunakan untuk mengukur penetapan matlamat adalah dipetik dari Yurkiewicz (1996). Pada asalnya item yang mewakili
dimensi ini berjumlah 15, tetapi telah
digugurkan sebanyak 6 item oleh lima panel pakar berdasarkan ketidaksuaian
dengan Akta Koperasi Malaysia 1993. Justeru hanya 9 item dikekalkan seperti ditunjukkan pada
Jadual 3.
Jadual
3: Penetapan Matlamat
|
Bil
|
Pernyataam
|
|
C1
|
Bagaimanakah
sukarnya untuk anda berjaya mencapai matlamat tersebut?
|
|
C2
|
Adakah
anda fikir bahawa kemajuan terhadap mencapai matlamat tersebut berada di
landasan yang betul?
|
|
C3
|
Bagaimana
tidak puas hatinya anda dengan kemajuan semasa untuk mencapai matlamat
tersebut?
|
|
C9
|
Bandingkan
dengan kemajuan yang telah anda capai terhadap matlamat yang ditetapkan.
Bagaimanakah dekatnya untuk anda capai dengan jayanya?
|
|
C4
|
Menetapkan
matlamat dengan jelas adalah penting untuk berjaya mencapai matlamat
tersebut.
|
|
C5
|
Menetapkan
matlamat yang jelas membantu anda untuk mengubah suai perancangan bagi
memastikan berjaya mencapai matlamat tersebut.
|
|
C6
|
Bilakah
anda menjangkakan untuk mencapai matlamat tersebut?
|
|
C7
|
Apabila
membuat penetapan matlamat, matlamat yang penting perlu diberi keutamaan
untuk disenaraikan.
|
|
C8
|
Bagaimanakah
pentingnya matlamat tersebut kepada anda?
|
|
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SUBSCRIBE The Asean
Journal of Knowledge Contribution NOW
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|
(
 ) |
SUBSCRIPTION
|
PRICE
|
QTY
|
TOTAL (USD)
|
|
( )
|
1 Month (1 issue)
|
USD 25.00
|
|
|
|
( )
|
6 Months (6 issues)
|
USD 145.00
|
|
|
|
( )
|
12 Months (12 issues)
|
USD 290.00
|
|
|
*Please allow 1 –2 weeks for delivery. Payment received would not be returned. The amount
including postage
cost for Malaysia ONLY.
Name of Institution:
____________________________________________________________________
Delivery Address:
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Postcode: ____________________ City : ____________________ Country:
_______________________
Contact Person: _______________________Tel (Office): _______________
(Mobile):________________
Email: ________________________ Occupation: __________________ Company Stamp:____________
PAYMENT METHOD : We hereby enclose payment of RM _______________ (USD _______________ ) to REE
ZA TRAVEL LINK SDN BHD, an Authorized
Marketing Agent of UHWAH Foundation :
Account Name : REE ZA TRAVEL LINK SDN BHD
Bank : AMBANK (M) BERHAD | Account No.
: 239202200678
|
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
Online Transfer (IBG/IBT) Cheque Payment Bank Draft/Cashier Order
|
THE
ASEAN JOURNAL OF KNOWLEDGE CONTRIBUTION
Volume
1, Number 1; January 2015
Contents
Page
: 01-09
Factors
Contributing to Success to the Excellent Credit Cooperatives in Malaysia, Special Finding on Islamic Financing
Product
Mustapa Kamal, Nor Sa’adah Bt. Hj. Mustafa,
Prof. Dr. Abdul Jumaat B. Mahajar, Dr. Abdul Raheem B. Mohamad Yusof, Assoc.
Prof. Dr. Nek Kamal B. Nik Yeop Yunus
Page
: 10-18
Spatial
Visualization Ability Among Apparel Design Students at University Putra
Malaysia
Rosmawati Bt. Mamat,
Arasinah Bt. Kamis, Prof. Dr. Ramlee B. Mustapha
Page
: 19-28
The
Resilience Concept of Islamic Entrepreneur and the Promoting of Islamic
Financing Products to Credit Cooperative in Malaysia
Mustapa Kamal, Nor Sa’adah Bt. Hj. Mustafa, Prof. Dr. Azham B. Md Ali, Dr.
Ahmad Zahiruddin B. Yahya
Page
: 29-38
Analisis Model Pencapaian Matematik Berasaskan Transisi
Dengan Penerapan Orientasi Pembelajaran Matematik (OPM) : Pendekatan Pemodelan Kuasa Dua Terkecil
Separa
Nor Hashimah Bt. Abu Bakar,
Prof.
Madya Dr. Zulkifley B. Mohamed
Page
: 39-54
Modus Operandi
Penambahbaikan Instrumen EPSI dan Status
Penilaian Koperasi Kredit di Malaysia, Terciptanya Instrumen EPSI Versi 2013
Mustapa Kamal, Prof. Dr.
Sahandari Gani B. Hamzah
Page
: 55-60
The
Impact of Beliefs and Attitudes Among Job Seekers’ Reaction in Clicking on Ads
and Applying for a Job via the Internet in Malaysia
Faizan Iza Bt. Zainuddin, Dr.
Suriani Bt. Abdul Hamid, Dr. Jamal @
Nordin B. Yunus
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